It's official.

The sex of human and other mammal babies is decided by a male-determining gene on the Y chromosome.

Researchers have discovered how a surface protein on brain cells, called Aplp1, can play a role in spreading material responsible for Parkinson's disease from cell to cell in the brain.

Copper is a much sought (and much stolen) metal because it powers the proliferation of data centers, electric vehicles, and energy infrastructure.  Copper also forms interconnects, the wires that transfer electricity between the semiconducting transistors that form the basic building blocks of electronic chips.